Palestinian Marxists in Jordan, for example, started wearing a red-and-white print of the keffiyeh. Later on, the shemagh took on various symbols, depending on which regions wore it. Photo by Florian Prischl on Wikimedia Commons The black-and-white represent the national liberation group whereas the red-and-white have been associated with the Palestinian Marxists. Shemaghs or keffiyehs come in different colors, and for some they come with meaning. There was also Palestinian militant Leila Khaled of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, who also wore the printed scarf as a headpiece. There was Yasser Arafat, who was rarely seen without the garment on his head. In the 1960s, the black-and-white shemagh scarf symbolized the Palestinian national movement, and a few key personalities were associated with it. By 1948, 2,500 Jews died and 750,00 Palestinian Arabs were displaced during the conflict.
In opposition to the establishment of a Jewish state, riots, political violence and a slew of clashes - which continues to this day - followed. It declared support for a national home for the Jewish people in Palestine, and emigration of Jews began in 1922. The British Mandate, called the Balfour Declaration, was created on November 2, 1917. In the 1930s, the traditional scarf turned into a political symbol as Palestinian men began wearing it as part of their revolt against the British Mandate. The traditional garment is a big scarf or head covering that, during the Sumerians time, was worn with honor by priests as a symbol of their lofty position in society. But today, its other, more recognizable name is the keffiyeh.
Early civilization also referred to this garment as the yamegh. The shemagh’s history can be traced back to the Sumerians in Mesopotamia. Photo by Mostafameraji on Wikimedia Commons What the Shemagh Represents The shemagh scarf has gone from symbolizing a high position in society to a mark of revolt against the British Mandate to a connection with suicide bombers.
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